STV decreases turnout

An academic paper by Jason McDaniel finds:

In this paper, I employ a differences-in-differences design to analyze turnout in elections in over 200 cities, ranging from the early 1990s to 2018. The results indicate a significant decrease in voter turnout of approximately 3–5 percentage points in RCV cities after the implementation of RCV.

So ranked choice voting led to a significant decline in voter turnout.

I suspect the same in NZ for local body elections. Trying to rank 25 people for the DHB is insane.